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Eczema control is a new construct to be measured in atopic dermatitis (AD).

Measuring patient-perceived eczema control and treatment satisfaction in AD patients, treated with dupilumab between 16 and 52 weeks.

Cross-sectional questionnaire study. Patients from the Dutch BioDay registry completed the Atopic Dermatitis Control Test (ADCT), Recap of Atopic Eczema (RECAP) and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, Version II (TSQM v. II), along with other Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs).

104/157 patients responded (response rate 66.2%). Median ADCT score was 4 (interquartile range [IQR] 5); median RECAP score was 5 (IQR 6); median TSQM v.II global satisfaction score was 83.3 (IQR 25.0). According to the ADCT, 38.5-66.3% perceived their AD was ‘in control’, depending on the interpretability method used. Minimally clinically important difference (MCID) of ≥4 points for the DLQI and POEM was achieved respectively in

 = 66 (84.6%) and

 = 63 (78.8%) patients.

When considering the favorable scores on other PROMs and the TSQM v. II, and comparing these to the relatively low percentage of patients perceiving control according to the ADCT, interpretability of eczema control still appears difficult. Treatment satisfaction in the studied cohort was high.

When considering the favorable scores on other PROMs and the TSQM v. II, and comparing these to the relatively low percentage of patients perceiving control according to the ADCT, interpretability of eczema control still appears difficult. Selleckchem IMD 0354 Treatment satisfaction in the studied cohort was high.This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials examined whether dietary nitrate supplementation attenuates exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and is reported according to the PRISMA guidelines. Medline and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception to June 2020. Inclusion criteria were studies in adult humans consuming inorganic nitrate before and after exercise and that measured markers implicated in the etiology of EIMD (muscle function, muscle soreness, inflammation, myocellular protein efflux, oxidative stress, range of motion)  0.05), but c-reactive protein was higher vs. placebo at 48 h post-exercise (SMD 0.55, p = 0.03). These findings suggest that nitrate-rich beetroot juice may attenuate some markers of EIMD, but more large-scale controlled trials in elite athletes are needed.To compare drug-drug interaction (DDI) between tacrolimus and different formulations of phenobarbital in paediatrics and adults.Physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) models were used to evaluate DDI between phenobarbital (oral (p.o.) and intravenous (i.v.) formulations) and tacrolimus in paediatrics and adults. All dosing regimens were maintained for 7 days.Compared to i.v. phenobarbital, p.o. phenobarbital could decrease pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of tacrolimus much more in both paediatrics and adults. On day 7, the results showed that the ratio of Cmax for tacrolimus in the presence and absence of phenobarbital were 0.13 (p.o.) and 0.48 (i.v.), respectively, in paediatrics, while 0.54 (p.o.) and 0.73 (i.v.) in adults, respectively. The ratios of the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) were 0.06 (p.o.) and 0.18 (i.v.) in paediatrics, while 0.46 (p.o.) and 0.53 (i.v.) in adults, respectively. PK parameters of tacrolimus decreased more significantly in paediatrics compared to adults.In paediatric, phenobarbital had a greater impact on PK of tacrolimus than that in adults. P.o. phenobarbital reduced PK parameters of tacrolimus even more than i.v. administration. In clinical practice, the concentration monitoring and dosage adjustment of tacrolimus should be emphasised when co-administrated with phenobarbital, especially in paediatric or in p.o. formulation.Key pointsThe results indicated that p.o. and i.v. phenobarbital both had a significant DDI with tacrolimus in paediatrics and adults.Phenobarbital had a greater impact on the PK of tacrolimus over time in paediatrics.P.o. administration of phenobarbital can reduce the PK parameters of tacrolimus more.FXIa-6f is a high affinity, orally bioavailable macrocyclic FXIa inhibitor with antithrombotic activity in preclinical species.The objectives of this study were to characterize the in vitro metabolism, determine circulating metabolites in pre-clinical species, and examine the disposition of the compound in a bile duct-cannulated rat study (BDC) study to inform clinical development of the compound and the medicinal chemistry approach to identify molecules with improved properties.Across species, metabolic pathways included several oxidative metabolites, including hydroxylated metabolites on the macrocycle or P1 region, descarbamoylation of the methyl carbamate side chain, and a glutathione conjugate on the 2,6-difluoro-3-chlorophenyl ring.In BDC rat, the absorbed dose of [3H]FXIa-6f was cleared mainly by metabolism, with excretion of drug-related material in the bile, mostly as metabolites.In all preclinical species, the parent drug was the primary drug-related component in circulation, but the species differences in the metabolic pathways observed in vitro were reflected in the plasma, where M6, a descarbamoylated metabolite, was more prominent in rat plasma, and M9, a hydroxylated metabolite, was more prominent in monkey plasma. Based on the available data, the human metabolism appears to be most similar to monkey.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the molecular etiology of pediatric pneumonia. Here, we investigated the precise action of circRNA tropomodulin 3 (circTMOD3, hsa_circ_0035292) in cell injury and inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Cell viability was gauged by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis and cycle distribution were assessed by flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production. The levels of circTMOD3, microRNA (miR)-146b-3p, and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot. Ribonuclease (RNase) R, Actinomycin D and subcellular localization assays were done to characterize circTMOD3. The direct relationship between miR-146b-3p and circTMOD3 or CXCR1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assays.

Our data showed that LPS induced the expression of circTMOD3 in WI-38 cells.