Activiteit

The relative expression levels of different immune genes in hepatopancreas after atrazine exposure were measured. Most of these genes were suppressed and exhibited a certain dose-dependent effect. The results of crayfish white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) replication shown the amount of virus in muscle was significantly higher and exhibited a higher mortality rate at 5 mg/L group than other groups. The present study determined the impact of atrazine exposure on WSSV outbreaks, and also provide an important basis for further assessing the occurrence of pesticides on diseases of P. clarkii.The present study has investigated p-nitrophenol (PNP) degradation by hybrid advanced oxidation process (AOP) of hydrodynamic cavitation with heterogenous Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Panobinostat mouse 78.8 ± 1.2% of PNP degradation was obtained at optimum operational conditions inlet pressure = 8 atm, pH = 3, initial concentration of PNP = 20 mg L-1, Fe3O4H2O2 = 1100. PNP degradation profiles were analyzed using a kinetic model based on the reaction network. The closest match between the simulated and experimental degradation profiles was obtained for the initial concertation of [H2O2] = 0.6 M, which was far higher than concentration of externally added H2O2. This was attributed to in-situ generation of H2O2 through transient cavitation. Intense shear and turbulence generated in cavitating flow caused surface leaching of Fe3O4 particles that released Fe2+/Fe3+ ions. The synergy in the hybrid AOP was in-situ Fenton reactions between leached Fe2+/Fe3+ ions and H2O2 present in the reaction mixture. The mechanism in •OH mediated oxidative degradation of PNP was further explored with Density Functional Theory (DFT) simulations. Both •OH addition on benzene ring and H-abstraction reactions were simulated to identify the possible pathways for the degradation. On the basis of activation free energy analysis, degradation pathways initiating with both •OH addition and H abstraction were determined to be feasible. The ortho-C of benzene ring was the most favourable site for •OH addition, while H atom of phenolic hydroxyl group was more susceptible (or more reactive) for H-atom abstraction route.Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are listed in Annex A (elimination) of the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants, and products containing SCCPs require detoxification. In the present study, the metal sodium (Na) dispersion method was applied to a wax sample containing SCCPs (58%, C10-C13 and Cl5-Cl9) to assess the dechlorination effect. Effective dechlorination of SCCPs was confirmed using 2-L and 20-L reaction systems. The initial concentrations of the wax (5, 10, 20, 30%), reaction time (10, 30, 60, 120, 180 min), and the ratios of the amount of Na dispersion and the initial amount of the wax containing SCCPs (Na/wax ratios; 3.9, 4.4, 5.2) were tested. The destruction efficiency of SCCPs was over 99.999% after 10 min of reaction at 90 °C under several conditions. The initial concentrations of the wax and the Na/wax ratios did not affect the results. The ultralow SCCP contents in exhaust gas from the reaction tank demonstrated a destruction removal efficiency of over 99.999999%. Trace levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, and pentachlorobenzene in the wax sample and treated materials (oil, water, and gas) met various regulatory values or exhibited the same levels as the environmental background. After dechlorination of the SCCPs, the main reaction products in the reaction liquid and final oil phase were identified as aliphatic compounds. The metal Na dispersion method was found to be an effective and decontaminated destruction technique for application to SCCPs in liquid-like samples with no formation of hazardous organic byproducts.

Prenatal depression affects 20.7 percent of women worldwide, which was associated with preterm birth, low birth weight and Apgar score, as well as cognitive, emotional and behavioral development disorders. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to retrieve the latest and best evidence about music, massage, yoga and exercise in the prevention and treatment of prenatal depression, and to preliminarily compare the four methods to explore the most effective means. We also compared different types of yoga and music, in order to find the mosteffective type of intervention.

A comprehensive literature search was carried out through six databases on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Effects were summarized by a random effects model using mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Evidence quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria.

This research found low to very low evidence that yoga, exercise, music and massage could reduce antenatal depression. Among them, music may be the most effective intervention, and integrated yoga other than simple yoga would improve prenatal depression. The effect of Chinese Medicine Five Element Music may be better than ordinary music.

It is important to support prenatal depression patients to make informed decisions about their behavior therapy.

It is important to support prenatal depression patients to make informed decisions about their behavior therapy.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is heterogeneous, but official diagnostic classifications and widely used rating scales are based on the premise that MDD is a single disorder and that symptoms are equally important to assess severity. Also, patients and clinicians frequently diverge in how they evaluate MDD severity. In order to better understand the differences between MDD scales used by clinicians and patients in the context of MDD heterogeneity, we performed a network analysis from an approach that focuses on the interaction of symptoms rather than total score.

The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Beck Depression Inventory with 21 items (BDI) scored by the clinician or patient, respectively, were used to estimate the networks based on 794 MDD patients. The networks were estimated using software R 4.0.2 and Graphical Lasso, identifying communities of symptoms by the clique percolation method, and the mixed graphical models were used to evaluate the explained variance of each symptom.

The networks presented different communities of symptoms and connection structure (M=0.