Activiteit

To compare 1-year outcomes between anti-vascular endothelial factor (VEGF) therapy and half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment-naive pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) with subretinal fluid (SRF).

Consecutive patients with treatment-naive PNV patients with SRF treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections or half-dose PDT followed by as-needed schedule with 1-year follow-up were studied retrospectively.

Eighty-two eyes of 82 patients were eligible 50 eyes underwent anti-VEGF therapy and 32 eyes underwent half-dose PDT. SRF resolved in 41 (82%) of 50 eyes after initial three monthly injections and 31 (96.9%) of 32 eyes 3 months after initial PDT, and 43 (86%) eyes and 30 (94%) eyes 1 year after initial anti-VEGF injection and half-dose PDT, respectively. No significant differences were found in SRF resolution rates 3 months and 1 year after initial treatment between the two treatment groups. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly after initial three monthly injections (P = 0.025) and initial PDT (P = 0.022) compared with baseline; the improvements were maintained 1 year after initial treatment in the two treatment groups. No significant differences were found in BCVA between the two treatment groups at baseline and throughout the 1-year follow-up period. Mean (± standard error) numbers of intravitreal injections and PDT over 12 months were 3.7 ± 0.16 and 1.1 ± 0.06, respectively.

Both treatments are similarly effective on SRF resolution and VA improvement 1 year after the initial treatment. Half-dose PDT may be an option for treatment for PNV. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Both treatments are similarly effective on SRF resolution and VA improvement 1 year after the initial treatment. Half-dose PDT may be an option for treatment for PNV. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common ocular tumour with an incidence ranging from 0.03 to 1.9 per 100,000 persons/year. The diagnosis is made on clinical suspicion and confirmed with anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), cytology, or histology. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the management options available for OSSN and review their success and recurrence rates. find more Surgery is the gold standard for the management of small OSSN lesions. With the increased use of less invasive diagnostic modalities such as AS-OCT and cytology, there has been a move to use topical therapies for the management of OSSN. The most commonly used agents are interferon-α2b (IFN), mitomycin-C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU). They have been shown to have similar resolution and recurrence rates but differ in cost and side effect profile. IFN has the lowest side effect profile, but is also the most expensive, whereas MMC has the greatest surface toxicity and is priced midway between the three. 5FU is the cheapest of the three topical agents with less surface toxicity than MMC. Radiotherapy is mostly employed as adjuvant therapy. Newer novel therapies are available but have not been widely adopted as mainstream therapy due to cost and lack of clinical evidence. OSSN has the benefit of many management options. No single modality has been shown to superior and some patients will need the use of combination therapy to achieve an optimal clinical outcome.

To evaluate choroidal arterial watershed zones (CWZ) in highly myopic patients. The relationships between CWZ location and myopic maculopathy location and classification were also examined.

This retrospective study included 102 consecutive patients who had been diagnosed with myopic maculopathy. Indocyanine green videoangiography was used to evaluate CWZ presence, location, and configuration. Maculopathy signs were used to examine the relationship between CWZ and myopic maculopathy.

Various CWZ types were identified in 102 of 158 eyes. The CWZ patterns were classified as vertical optic nerve head (vertical-ONH) in 30 eyes, stellate in 29 eyes, vertical-ONH extending to the macula in 28 eyes, horizontal fovea in eight eyes, and vertical parafovea in seven eyes. Choroidal neovascularization occurred within CWZs in 35 of 42 eyes, and macular atrophy was located within foveal CWZs in 20 of 23 eyes. The CWZ type was significantly correlated with mCNV presence (OR = 5.652, P = 0.014).

Variations in CWZ topography are associated with myopic maculopathy, particularly in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) and macular atrophy, and CWZ is a risk factor for mCNV. This suggests that eyes with macular CWZs are vulnerable to developing myopic maculopathy and are predisposed to mCNV because of ischaemic hypoxia.

Variations in CWZ topography are associated with myopic maculopathy, particularly in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) and macular atrophy, and CWZ is a risk factor for mCNV. This suggests that eyes with macular CWZs are vulnerable to developing myopic maculopathy and are predisposed to mCNV because of ischaemic hypoxia.The angopoietin/tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology domains (Ang/Tie) pathway is an emerging key regulator in vascular development and maintenance. Its relevance to clinicians and basic scientists as a potential therapeutic target in retinal and choroidal vascular diseases is highlighted by recent preclinical and clinical evidence. The Ang/Tie pathway plays an important role in the regulation of vascular stability, in angiogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as in inflammation. Under physiological conditions, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) binds to and phosphorylates the Tie2 receptor, leading to downstream signalling that promotes cell survival and vascular stability. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is upregulated under pathological conditions and acts as a context-dependent agonist/antagonist of the Ang-1/Tie2 axis, causing vascular destabilisation and sensitising blood vessels to the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). Ang-2 and VEGF-A synergistically drive vascular leakage, neovascularisation and inflammation, key components of retinal vascular diseases. Preclinical evidence suggests that modulating the Ang/Tie pathway restores vascular stabilisation and reduces inflammation. This review discusses how targeting the Ang/Tie pathway or applying Ang-2/VEGF-A combination therapy may be a valuable therapeutic strategy for restoring vascular stability and reducing inflammation in the treatment of retinal and choroidal vascular diseases.