Activiteit

ing a high number of audiences. Audience number and page visits seemed to increase following the COVID-19 pandemic. However, this era did not seem to affect the critical attitude of the audience, which is engagement time.

In clinical practice, conversion from universal cytomegalovirus prophylaxis (CMV PPX) with valganciclovir (VGC) to targeted therapy (preemptive monitoring, PEM) is often pursued in the setting of leukopenia. It is unknown if this is an effective strategy.

Adult patients receiving a kidney and/or pancreas transplant were included if converted from PPX to PEM between 9/1/19 and 3/1/20 due to leukopenia. A positive CMV viral load (VL) was defined as CMV PCR greater than the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) based on local lab testing. A CMV VL of >500IU/mL was chosen as the preemptive treatment (PET) threshold. Primary objective was to describe the impact of conversion on resolution of leukopenia. Secondary objectives were to assess PEM associated outcomes.

There were 49 patients converted from PPX to PEM due to leukopenia in the study period; 88% were KTRs and 96% received lymphocyte-depleting induction; 84% were seropositive at transplant (R+) and 16% were high-risk (D+/R-). Mean WBC at time of enrncomitant measures are necessary. This population should be considered fairly high risk, with a threshold of treatment of first quantifiable replication. Our findings suggest lack of harm from this approach but highlight the importance of close monitoring to prevent symptomatic replication. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to better evaluate the impact of PEM conversion on late-onset CMV and patient and graft outcomes.

In kidney and pancreas transplant recipients who undergo PEM conversion due to leukopenia, withholding of VGC can improve leukopenia, but other concomitant measures are necessary. This population should be considered fairly high risk, with a threshold of treatment of first quantifiable replication. Our findings suggest lack of harm from this approach but highlight the importance of close monitoring to prevent symptomatic replication. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to better evaluate the impact of PEM conversion on late-onset CMV and patient and graft outcomes.

What is the central question of this study? White matter lesions (WMLs) are a brain disease characterized by altered brain structural and functional connectivity, but findings have shown an inconsistent pattern are there distinct cortical thickness changes in patients with WMLs subtypes? What is the main finding and its importance? Patients with WMLs with non-dementia vascular cognitive impairment and WMLs with vascular dementia showed distinct pathophysiology in cortical thickness. These neural correlates of WMLs should be considered in future treatment.

The effect of cortical thickness on white matter lesions (WMLs) in patients with distinct vascular cognitive impairments is relatively unknown. This study investigated the correlation between cortical thickness and vascular cognitive manifestations. WML patients and healthy controls from Beijing Tiantan Hospital between 2014 and 2018 were included. The patients were further divided into two subgroups, namely WMLs with non-dementia vascular cognitive impaWML-VaD subgroup revealed the pathophysiology of WMLs, which should be considered in future treatment of WMLs.Transposable elements (TEs) are a rich source of genetic variability. Among TEs, miniature inverted-repeat TEs (MITEs) are of particular interest as they are present in high copy numbers in plant genomes and are closely associated with genes. MITEs are deletion derivatives of class II transposons, and can be mobilized by the transposases encoded by the latter through a typical cut-and-paste mechanism. However, MITEs are typically present at much higher copy numbers than class II transposons. We present here an analysis of 103 109 transposon insertion polymorphisms (TIPs) in 738 Oryza sativa genomes representing the main rice population groups. We show that an important fraction of MITE insertions has been fixed in rice concomitantly with its domestication. However, another fraction of MITE insertions is present at low frequencies. We performed MITE TIP-genome-wide association studies (TIP-GWAS) to study the impact of these elements on agronomically important traits and found that these elements uncover more trait associations than single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on important phenotypes such as grain width. Finally, using SNP-GWAS and TIP-GWAS we provide evidence of the replicative amplification of MITEs.WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? Women with autistic spectrum disorder are likely to be diagnosed with other mental health needs and to have experienced trauma. Mental health nurses are likely to encounter women who possibly fit the criteria for a autistic spectrum diagnosis, but who have not been offered appropriate support or signposting. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE Using my own lived experience as a late diagnosed woman with autism and as a mental health nurse, I identify some of the gaps in training and knowledge that mental health nurses have. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE? Suggestions are made as to how improvements in mental health nurses’ knowledge of autistic spectrum disorder in women could enhance mental wellbeing for this group of people.

Previous haplotype-based association studies identified chromosome 4q21 as an allergic rhinitis (AR) susceptibility locus; however, the functional role of 4q21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on AR risk remains unclear.

To investigate the functional effect of 4q21 SNPs on AR risk by conducting cohort-based functional genomics and genetic association analyses.

The associations between 4q21 SNPs and mRNA expression levels of three 4q21-associated genes (SDAD1, NAAA and CXCL9) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were assessed in a Singapore/Malaysia Chinese cohort (n=291). Exon expression levels of these genes in PBMCs were tested against the tag-SNP genotypes in a Singapore Chinese cohort (n=30). Serum protein levels of these genes were assessed with tag-SNP genotypes in a Singapore Chinese cohort (n=193). AS1842856 molecular weight SNP functions were characterized through luciferase assay. In a Singapore Chinese cohort (n=1794), we confirmed the associations between functional SNPs and AR.

Forty SNPs in 4q21 showed significant associations with NAAA (but not SDAD1 or CXCL9) mRNA expression in PBMCs, of which were tagged by two tag-SNPs, rs17001237 and rs2242470.