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Rosemary aroma decreased sleepiness and increased alertness in shift-working nurses.

Use of CAT has increased in the past decade. However, it is unclear if this has impacted nursing practice. The purpose of this study was to explore CAT use and beliefs of academic and clinical nurses.

A cross-sectional design using an electronic survey was sent to 1000 clinical and academic nurses in the US.

Academic and clinical nurses were more alike than different, and of the contextual factors that impacted CAT use, lack of knowledge was most cited. Faculty were most likely to teach that which they were knowledgeable about and nurses were most likely to use what was taught in school.

There is a need for a standardized CAT curriculum for schools of nursing in the US to facilitate knowledge and use of CAT, but to also train nurse scientists who can develop the clinical research needed to support practice decisions.

There is a need for a standardized CAT curriculum for schools of nursing in the US to facilitate knowledge and use of CAT, but to also train nurse scientists who can develop the clinical research needed to support practice decisions.Ambulatory assessment (AA) – a collection of methods that aim to track individuals in the realm of everyday life via repeated self-reports or passive mobile sensing – is well established in contemporary psychopathology research. Unravelling the dynamic signature of patients’ symptoms and emotions over time and in their own personal ecology, AA methodology has improved our understanding of the real-time pathogenic processes that underlie mental ill-being. In this article, we evaluate the current strengths and shortcomings of AA in psychopathology research and spell out important ambitions for next-generation AA studies to consider. Regarding AA’s current achievements, a selective review of recent AA studies underscores the ecological qualities of this method, its ability to bypass retrospective biases in self-report and the introduction of a within-person perspective. Regarding AA’s future ambitions, we advocate for a stronger idiosyncratic focus, the incorporation of contextual information and more psychometric scrutiny.Individuals are often confronted with events that violate their expectations, but disconfirming evidence does not always lead to expectation change. We review seven theoretical models on how individuals cope with disconfirming expectations associative learning theories, the ViolEx Model, the model of coping with expectation disconfirmation (Roese & Sherman, 2007), the Meaning Maintenance Model, the Predictive Processing Framework, Expectancy Violations Theory, and the Expectation-Disconfirmation Model of consumer satisfaction. We focus on the proposed processes that relate to persistence or change of expectations. We discuss similarities and differences between the models. Three core coping processes are identified across most of these models – minimization of the importance of expectation-disconfirming evidence, search for/production of future expectation-confirming evidence, and expectation change. Suggestions for refinements and extensions of the models as well as for future empirical work on model testing are drawn.Nasal secretory fluid proteomes (NSPs) can provide valuable information about the physiopathology and prognosis of respiratory tract diseases. This study aimed to determine changes in NSP by using proteomics in calves treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS + choline. Healthy calves (n = 10) were treated with LPS (2 μg/kg/iv). Five minutes after LPS injection, the calves received a second iv injection with saline (n = 5, LPS + saline group) or saline containing 1 mg/kg choline (n = 5, LPS + choline group). Nasal secretions were collected before (baseline), at 1 h and 24 h after the treatments and analysed using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). Differentially expressed proteins (>1.2-fold-change) were identified at the different time points in each group. A total of 52 proteins were up- and 46 were downregulated at 1 h and 24 h in the LPS + saline group. click here The upregulated proteins that showed the highest changes after LPS administration were small ubiquitin-related modifier-3 (SUMO3) and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), whereas the most downregulated protein was E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (TRIM17). Treatment with choline reduced the number of upregulated (32 proteins) and downregulated proteins (33 proteins) in the NSPs induced by LPS. It can be concluded that the proteome composition of nasal fluid in calves changes after LPS, reflecting different pathways, such as the activation of the immunological response, oxidative stress, ubiquitin pathway, and SUMOylation. Choline treatment alters the NSP response to LPS.Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease leading to considerable morbidity worldwide, which can be developed from a breakdown in immunological tolerance, resulting in T cell hyperactivation. T cell hyperactivation has been implicated in the tissue damage associated with many diseases. Although many researchers have identified the involvement of T-cell receptor-associated signaling molecules in T-cell activation, the mechanisms underlying this process are yet to be elaborated. In the current study, we set out to reveal a novel transcriptional mechanism required for CD4 + T cell immunoactivity involved in SLE. First of all, miR-124 was experimentally determined to be under-expressed in peripheral blood samples of SLE patients relative to healthy individuals. We further isolated CD4 + T cells from the peripheral blood samples of SLE patients and healthy individuals, and found that miR-124 was poorly expressed in peripheral blood-derived CD4 + T cells of SLE patients. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that re-expression of miR-124 inhibited the immunoactivity of CD4 + T cells from SLE patients, which was achieved through the down-regulation of IRF1 since dual-luciferase reporter gene assay findings indicated that miR-124 could target IRF1. In addition, HDAC1 was found to be enriched at the miR-124 promoter resulting in inhibition of miR-124 expression, thereby promoting the immunoactivity of CD4 + T cells. In conclusion, we identify that as a stimulator of CD4 + T cell immunoactivity, HDAC1 may be implicated in the immunopathology of SLE. The study will open up new avenues to explore future immunotherapy strategies for SLE.