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The region of construction is also predictive of the initial post-demolition emissions. Higher recycling rates shift materials from landfills into subsequent product systems, thus avoiding landfill emissions. Landfill decay rates are affected by climate and results in a large range of landfill emissions. The degree of postponement of end-of-life emissions is highly dependent upon the wood product type, region and building lifespan parameters. This work develops biogenic carbon profiles that allows for modelling dynamic cradle-to-grave LCAs of Canadian wood products.

The online version of this article (doi10.1007/s42452-020-03979-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The online version of this article (doi10.1007/s42452-020-03979-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Periodontal diseases are a group of chronic infections that destroy tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. Data on the anaerobes associated with periodontal infections in Kuwait is lacking.

To investigate the target anaerobes associated with chronic periodontitis (CP) in patients admitted to Dental Clinics in Kuwait University Health Sciences Center, Kuwait.

Patients with CP (severe and moderate) were recruited into this study during a period of 15 months. read more Samples were collected directly from inside the gingival pockets and subjected to semi-quantitative PCR assays.

A total of 30 patients, stratified into moderate and severe CP and 31 healthy individuals, used as controls, were studied. Nine (30 %) of the 30 patients were in the 50-59-year age group. The detection rate of

between the patients (9  30 %) versus the controls (5  16.1 %) was non-significant (

0.05).

spp., were detected in all patients versus 29 (93.1 %) controls, (

0.05). However, four target anaerobes were significantly associated with CP patients;

was detected in ten (33.3 %) patients versus two (6.4 %) controls (

<0.0001);

25 (83.3 %) versus 16 (51.6 %) controls (

<0.0001);

27 (90 %) versus 16 (51.6 %) controls (

<0.0001) and

18 (60 %) versus nine (29 %) controls (

<0.0001), respectively.

spp. were detected in 27 (90 %) patients and 30 (96.7 %) controls (

>0.5). There was no significant difference in the burden of

spp. between patients and controls determined by semi-quantitative PCR assays.

Some (4/7) of the target anaerobes were significantly associated with CP in our study.

was the most strongly associated anaerobe with CP, although not the keystone bacteria, while

spp. was similar to the healthy controls.

Some (4/7) of the target anaerobes were significantly associated with CP in our study. P. gingivalis was the most strongly associated anaerobe with CP, although not the keystone bacteria, while Prevotella spp. was similar to the healthy controls.Sputum and endotracheal aspirates (ETs) are not among the vendor-approved specimens for the Cepheid Xpert SARS-CoV-2 assay. However, they are the common lower respiratory tract specimens submitted for laboratory diagnosis. Testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in lower respiratory tract samples is required for the discharge of patients from coronavirus disease (COVID) units at some institutions. We developed a protocol used for testing unliquified viscous sputum or tracheal aspirate with the Cepheid Xpert SARS-CoV-2 assay.Bacillus subtilis uses swarming motility and biofilm formation to colonize plant roots and form a symbiotic relationship with the plant. Swarming motility and biofilm formation are group behaviours made possible through the use of chemical messengers. We investigated whether chemicals applied to plants would interfere with the swarming motility and biofilm-forming capabilities of B. subtilis in vitro. We hypothesized that pesticides could act as chemical signals that influence bacterial behaviour; this research investigates whether swarming motility and biofilm formation of B. subtilis is affected by the application of the commercial pesticides with the active ingredients of neem oil, pyrethrin, or malathion. The results indicate that all three pesticides inhibit biofilm formation. Swarming motility is not affected by the application of pyrethrin or malathion, but swarm expansion and pattern is altered in the presence of neem oil. Future studies to investigate the mechanism by which pesticides alter biofilm formation are warranted.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1099/acmi.0.000112.].The ST307 multidrug-resistant CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging pathogen, which has become disseminated worldwide in humans but is rarely reported from other reservoirs. We report the first isolation of K. pneumoniae from an animal in Europe and also from a reptile, a captive tortoise, whose death it probably caused. Detection of this clone from an animal adds to evidence of niche expansion in non-human environments, where it may amplify, recycle and become of greater public health concern.

The contribution of

(formerly

) to the burden of hospital-associated infections (HAIs) remains undetermined in many African countries.

This study aimed to identify a sensitive and readily adaptable

detection assay and to evaluate the

HAI risk in Kenya.

Sterile swabs in neutralizing buffer were used to sample equipment or surfaces that patients and clinical staff touched frequently. These swabs were either plated directly on chromogenic agar or cultured in an enrichment broth before plating. The swab suspensions, enrichment broth and plate cultures were screened by quantitative PCR (qPCR) to determine the most efficient detection method. The HAI risk was evaluated by testing the

-positive samples by qPCR for the A, B and binary toxins.

was detected on 4/57 (7.0 %) equipment and surfaces by direct culture. The additional enrichment step increased the detection rate 10-fold to 43/57 (75.4 %). In total, 51/57 (89.5 %) environmental samples were positive for

detected through either culture or qPCR. The genes encoding the primary toxins,

and

, were detected on six surfaces, while the genes encoding the binary toxins,

and

, were detected on 2/57 (3.5 %) and 3/57 (5.3 %) surfaces, respectively. Different

toxin gene profiles were detected the

– gene profile on 4/10 (40 %) high-touch surfaces,

+ on 3/10 (30 %) surfaces,

on 2/10 (20 %) surfaces and

on one high-touch surface.

The widespread contamination of hospital environments by toxigenic

gives a strong indication of the high risk of

infections (CDIs). The two-step culture process described can easily be adapted for monitoring hospital environment contamination by

.

The widespread contamination of hospital environments by toxigenic C. difficile gives a strong indication of the high risk of C. difficile infections (CDIs). The two-step culture process described can easily be adapted for monitoring hospital environment contamination by C. difficile .