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Parkinson’s disease (PD)-related phenotypes can vary among patients substantially, including response to dopaminergic treatment in terms of efficacy and occurrence of adverse events. Many pharmacogenetic studies have already been conducted to find genetic markers of response to dopaminergic treatment. Integration of genetic and clinical data has already resulted in construction of clinical pharmacogenetic models for prediction of adverse events. However, the results of pharmacogenetic studies are inconsistent. More comprehensive genome-wide approaches are needed to find genetic biomarkers of PD-related phenotypes to better explain the variability in response to treatment. These genetic markers should be integrated with clinical, environmental, imaging, and other omics data to build clinically useful algorithms for personalization of PD management.The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disaster for human society. A convenient and reliable neutralization assay is very important for the development of vaccines and novel drugs. In this study, a G protein-deficient vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVdG) bearing a truncated spike protein (S with C-terminal 18 amino acid truncation) was compared to that bearing the full-length spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and showed much higher efficiency. A neutralization assay was established based on VSV-SARS-CoV-2-Sdel18 pseudovirus and hACE2-overexpressing BHK21 cells (BHK21-hACE2 cells). The experimental results can be obtained by automatically counting the number of EGFP-positive cells at 12 h after infection, making the assay convenient and high-throughput. The serum neutralizing titer measured by the VSV-SARS-CoV-2-Sdel18 pseudovirus assay has a good correlation with that measured by the wild type SARS-CoV-2 assay. Seven neutralizing monoclonal antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein were obtained. This efficient and reliable pseudovirus assay model could facilitate the development of new drugs and vaccines.

Concern surrounding short- and long-term consequences of participation in contact sports has become a significant public health topic. Previous literature utilizing diffusion tensor imaging in sports-related concussion has exhibited notable variety of analysis methods and analyzed regions of interest, and largely focuses on acute effects of concussion. The current study aimed to compare diffusivity metrics across a single season within athlete cohorts with no history of concussion.

A prospective cohort of 75 contact and 79 non-contact division I athletes were compared across diffusion tensor imaging metrics (i.e. TRACULA); examinations were also performed assessing the relationship between neuroimaging metrics, head impact exposure metrics (in-helmet accelerometer), and neurocognitive variables. click here Assessment occurred at pre-and post-season time points.

Seasonal changes in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity values did not differ between athlete cohorts, nor did they differ within cohort groups, acrings in this population, as differing image analysis techniques may lead to different conclusions regarding significant effects.

MicroRNA (miRNA) is an important regulator of gene expression. Methamphetamine (METH) induces a variety of alterations in different systems by affecting gene expression, but the effects of METH on miRNA profiles need to be elucidated.

This study develops a rat model of METH addiction, and analyzes the expression profile alterations of miRNA in nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the METH-addicted rats.

Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 10 mg/kg METH or vehicle twice a day for 4 weeks. The addictive behaviour of rats was estimated by CPP test. The pathological changes of brain tissues were then observed by HE and Glee silver staining. The miRNA profile analysis of the NAc of the rats was performed using an Illumina HiSeq™ 2500 sequencing system.

CPP test indicated that METH significantly prolonged the residence time of the rats in the drug box (from 307 ± 97 to 592 ± 96 s). The pathological staining showed the distorted axons, and fewer polarized neurons in the METH-treated rats. We further identified 40 differential miRNAs (17 up- and 23 down-regulated) and three novel miRNAs (novel 237, 296 and 501) that responded to METH. The bioinformatic analysis for the potential targets of the differential miRNA suggests that the downstream were concentrated in the Wnt signalling pathway, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, spliceosome, lysosome, and axon guidance.

A number of miRNAs responding to METH were identified in the NAc of rats. These METH-regulated miRNAs provide a new perspective for revealing the molecular mechanisms of METH addiction.

A number of miRNAs responding to METH were identified in the NAc of rats. These METH-regulated miRNAs provide a new perspective for revealing the molecular mechanisms of METH addiction.Despite strong evidence of the influence of implicit theories of emotion (ITE) on mental health symptoms among adult samples, scant attention has been paid to this important relation during adolescence. Moreover, it remains unclear which proximal processes may help to explain the link between ITE and mental health. As such, the current study had two objectives (1) to assess the association of ITE and later anxiety and depressive symptoms within an adolescent sample, and (2) evaluate the mediating role of real-world emotion regulation strategies on the association between ITE and mental health. A sample of 13-15-year-old adolescents (n = 183, mean age = 13.9, SD = 0.91, 50% female) completed a measure of ITE (Time 1), and subsequently reported on their emotion regulation strategy use via an ESM smart-phone app for two weeks (Time 2). Youth then reported on their anxiety and depressive symptoms six months later (Time 3). Mediational analyses revealed that the proportion to which adolescents used reappraisal and suppression mediated the association between ITE and depressive symptoms higher levels of incremental theories of emotion were associated with more reappraisal, and less suppression, use, which in turn predicted fewer depressive symptoms six months later. None of the strategies measured, however, mediated the association between ITE and anxiety symptoms.