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Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis in childhood, which mainly causes damage to coronary arteries, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the initial therapy. IVIG resistance increased risk of coronary complication in KD. And genetic background is involved in the occurrence of IVIG resistance. Our previous study indicated the susceptibility of Multi-drug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) SNPs to KD. This study was to clarify the relationship between MRP4 polymorphisms and IVIG resistance. Methods We genotyped the six polymorphisms of MRP4 gene in 760 cases of KD using Taqman methods. Results Among the six polymorphisms, only the rs1751034 polymorphism was significantly associated with IVIG resistance in KD [CC vs. TT adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21-5.34; CC vs. TT/TC adjusted OR = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.12-4.83, p = 0.023]. Combined analysis of three polymorphisms indicated that patients with 3-6 risk genotypes exhibited significantly elevated risk of IVIG resistance, when compared with those with 0-2 risk genotypes (adjusted OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.04-2.22, p = 0.0295). Stratified analysis revealed that in term of age and gender, rs1751034 CC carriers were associated with increased risk of IVIG resistance in those aged ≤ 60 months (adjusted OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.23-5.71, p = 0.0133). The presence of three or more risk genotypes was significantly associated with risk of IVIG resistance in children younger than 5 years of age and males. Conclusion Our results suggest that MRP4 rs1751034 CC is associated with increased risk of IVIG resistance in KD.

To assess cognitive impairment, self-awareness is an important issue. The Ascertain Dementia 8 questionnaire (AD8) is a brief observation checklist for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. After analyzing the reliability and validity of a self-reported Japanese version of the AD8 (AD8-J), we compared self- and informant-reported versions of the AD8-J.

A total of 93 community residents aged 75 years or older living in Wakuya, Northern Japan, agreed to participate in this study; 35 were rated as Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) 0 (healthy), 46 as CDR 0.5 (defined herein as MCI), and 12 as CDR 1 or above (dementia, confirmed by the DSM-IV). We examined the reliability and validity using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We analyzed the differences between self-reported and informant-reported AD8-J using a repeated measures ANOVA.

The self-reported AD8-J showed a satisfactory reliability (i.e., Cronbach coefficient, α = 0.71; Guttman split half method coefficient = 0.60). For CDR 0 vs. CDR 0.5 or above, the area under the ROC curve was 0.74 and the cutoff score was 1/2, with a sensitivity of 70.7% and a specificity of 65.7%. Analysis of the subscores of AD8 suggested that, from the early stage of dementia, the subjects showed a subjective decline in memory and interest in hobbies/activities, as well as problems with judgment.

It is suggested that the self-reported AD8-J was effective in detecting MCI and dementia. We could use it for detecting MCI and dementia, including in those living alone, in the primary health checkup.

It is suggested that the self-reported AD8-J was effective in detecting MCI and dementia. We could use it for detecting MCI and dementia, including in those living alone, in the primary health checkup.

As Earth’s population is rapidly aging, the question of how best to care for its older adults suffering from psychiatric disorders is becoming a constant and growing preoccupation. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among older adults, and depressed nursing home residents are at a particularly high risk of a decreased quality of life. The complex requirements of supporting and caring for depressed older adults in nursing homes demand the development and implementation of innovative clinical and organizational models that can ensure early identification of the disorder and high-quality multidisciplinary services for dealing with it. This perspective article aims to provide an overview of the literature and the state of the art of and the urgent need for research on the epidemiology and clinical treatment of depression among older adults.

In collaboration with a medical librarian, we conducted literature and bibliometric reviews of published articles in Medline Ovid SP from inception until September 30, 2020, to identify studies related to depression, depressive symptoms, mood disorders, dementia, cognitive disorders, and health complications in long-term care facilities and nursing homes.

We had 38,777 and 40,277 hits for depression and dementia, respectively, in long-term care facilities or nursing homes. The search equation found 536 and 1,447 studies exploring depression and dementia, respectively, and their related health complications in long-term care facilities or nursing homes.

Depression’s relationships with other health complications have been poorly studied in long-term care facilities and nursing homes. Asciminib research buy More research is needed to understand them better.

Depression’s relationships with other health complications have been poorly studied in long-term care facilities and nursing homes. More research is needed to understand them better.

Despite the increased prevalence of dementia in India, there is reported to be little awareness of the disease. This could lead to a late diagnosis, a reduced number of choices regarding future care, and misinterpretation of the symptoms or neglect. Taking into consideration that most nurses caring for older people in the future will work with people with dementia, there is concern that they may not be able to meet the needs of this group of patients unless they have the necessary knowledge and a positive attitude.

To explore the knowledge about and attitude towards dementia among nursing staff working in residential care facilities for older people in India.

An explorative and descriptive qualitative design was used. Two semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with nursing staff working in 6 nursing homes in India. Qualitative content analysis was used. Ethical approval was granted by the Norwegian Social Science Data Services.

The participants highlighted the following 3 dimensions in relation to their knowledge of and attitudes toward dementia in residential care facilities in India (1) people with dementia – a walking mystery; (2) we need to go along with them, but it is challenging; and (3) if we know, we can care for them in a better way.