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l benefit and decreased mortality.

Liver transplantation is not independently associated with higher mortality. Factors other than transplantation must be taken into account when considering the risk of severity.

Liver transplantation is not independently associated with higher mortality. Factors other than transplantation must be taken into account when considering the risk of severity.El exilio de republicanos españoles marca uno de los momentos de intercambio cultural más importantes entre México y España. La propuesta de este artículo es analizar la llegada de médicos españoles a tierras mexicanas, las causas que motivaron su salida y sus contribuciones más significativas en el campo de la medicina mexicana. Rafael Méndez, Dionisio Nieto, Isaac Costero, Ramón Álvarez y José Puche fueron cinco de los médicos que más destacaron en el campo de la medicina por sus enseñanzas e investigaciones tras un ciclo de actividad bélica por los campos de Europa. Asimismo, contribuyeron a la formación de nuevas generaciones de investigadores y académicos de la Universidad Nacional de México y de otras instituciones educativas del país.The Spanish republican exile marks one of the most important moments of cultural exchange between Mexico and Spain. The proposal of this article is to analyze the arrival of these Spanish in Mexican lands, the causes that motivated their departure, as well as their most significant contributions in the field of Mexican medicine. Rafael Méndez, Dionisio Nieto, Isaac Costero, Ramón Álvarez and José Puche were five of the physicians who most stood out in the field of medicine for their teachings and research after a cycle of war activity in the fields of Europe. Likewise, as they contributed to the training of new generations of researches and academics from the National University of Mexico and others educational institutions on the country.Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is a rare entity, more frequent in women between the 2nd and 4th decades. The diagnosis is usually incidental and it can be reached by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequent pathological confirmation is necessary for an adequate treatment. A retrospective study of six cases was carried out. All the patients were female, between 14 and 56 years of age, in which 50% the tumor were an incidental finding. We had three cases located in the head and three in the body of the pancreas. We performed three pancreaticoduodenectomies and three distal pancreatectomies with splenic preservation, without disease recurrence.

La pancreatitis es una enfermedad rara. La obstrucción es común y se puede corregir con endoscopia; si fracasa, necesitará cirugía.

Reportamos un paciente con pancreatitis secundaria a páncreas divisum. Se realizó derivación tipo DuVal laparoscópica. Varón de 12 años, con múltiples cuadros de pancreatitis y fallidos intentos de esfinteroplastias. La colangiorresonancia mostró páncreas divisum. Se realizó una derivación tipo DuVal por laparoscopia. Seguimiento de 5 años. No ha habido recurrencia del dolor y la lipasa se normalizó a los 6 meses. El conducto pancreático no estaba dilatado. Ante la dificultad para hacer una anastomosis lateral se utilizó la técnica laparoscópica propuesta por DuVal.

Pancreatitis is rare. Obstruction is common. They can be corrected with endoscopy, if they fail they need surgery.

We reported a patient with pancreatitis secondary to pancreas divisum, laparoscopic DuVal shunt was performed. Male 12 years, multiple pancreatitis pictures and failed sphinteroplasty attempts. Colangio resonance showed pancreas divisum. A DuVal-type shunt was built for laparoscopy. CADD522 mouse Follow-up 5 years. There has been no recurrence of pain and lipase was normalized at 6 months. The pancreatic duct was not dilated, in the face of difficulty making a lateral anastomosis was used the technique proposed by DuVal by laparoscopic approach.

We reported a patient with pancreatitis secondary to pancreas divisum, laparoscopic DuVal shunt was performed. Male 12 years, multiple pancreatitis pictures and failed sphinteroplasty attempts. Colangio resonance showed pancreas divisum. A DuVal-type shunt was built for laparoscopy. Follow-up 5 years. There has been no recurrence of pain and lipase was normalized at 6 months. The pancreatic duct was not dilated, in the face of difficulty making a lateral anastomosis was used the technique proposed by DuVal by laparoscopic approach.

Los quistes suprarrenales son una afección rara. Su diagnóstico y su tratamiento son un desafío debido a la escasa información, lo que genera incertidumbre respecto al mejor manejo.

Presentamos tres casos de quistes suprarrenales que recibieron tratamiento de mínima invasión con cirugía laparoscópica, sin presentar complicaciones y con una evolución favorable.

Las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicas de mínima invasión ofrecen una oportunidad terapéutica que permite preservar estructuras y obtener material necesario para su diagnóstico histopatológico, así como la resolución de la sintomatología.

Adrenal cysts are a rare entity; their diagnosis and treatment are challenging due to the lack of information, generating uncertainty regarding the best management.

We present three cases of adrenal cysts that received minimally invasive treatment with laparoscopic surgery, without complications and with a favorable evolution.

The new minimally invasive surgical techniques offer a therapeutic opportunity that allows preserving structures and obtaining the necessary material for histopathological diagnosis, as well as a resolution of the symptoms.

The new minimally invasive surgical techniques offer a therapeutic opportunity that allows preserving structures and obtaining the necessary material for histopathological diagnosis, as well as a resolution of the symptoms.

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and is a leading cause of lower limb amputation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors contributing to DN in Mexican patients through the comparison of T2D patients with and without DN.

This cross-sectional study consisted of 509 subjects from Mexico who were classified as with DN and without DN. DN was assessed according to Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze risk factors contributing to DN.

The prevalence of DN in the studied population was 28.3%. The risk factors associated with DN were T2D duration (odds ratio [OR] 2.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36-4.65), glycemic exposure index (OR 1.82; 95% CI 1.01-3.64), low- and high-density lipoprotein levels (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.02-2.31), metformin treatment (OR 2.08; 95% CI 1.11-3.91), diabetic retinopathy (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.07-2.54), and smoking (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.00-2.26).

Therefore, the early identification of risk factors for DN development in Mexican population would allow implementing personalized strategies to improve the overall T2D patients’ quality of life and reduce healthcare costs in our country.