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To design effective strategies to improve ethics consultation (EC) practices, it is important to understand the views of ethics practitioners. Previous U.S. studies of ethics practitioners have overrepresented the views of academic bioethicists. To help inform EC improvement efforts, we surveyed a random stratified sample of U.S. hospitals, examining ethics practitioners’ opinions on EC in general, on their own EC service, on strategies to improve EC, and on ASBH practice standards. Respondents across all categories of hospitals had very positive perceptions of their own ethics consultation service (ECS) and few concerns about quality. Our findings suggest that the ethics-related needs of small, rural, non-teaching hospitals may be very different from those of academic medical centers, and therefore, different approaches to addressing ethical issues might be warranted.In 2008, researchers created human three-dimensional neural tissue – known as the pioneering work of “brain organoids.” In recent years, some researchers have transplanted human brain organoids into animal brains for applicational purposes. With these experiments have come many ethical concerns. It is thus an urgent task to clarify what is ethically permissible and impermissible in brain organoid research. This paper seeks (1) to sort out the ethical issues related to brain organoid research and application and (2) to propose future directions for additional ethical consideration and policy debates in the field. #link# Toward (1), this paper first outlines the current state of brain organoid research, and then briefly responds to previously raised related ethical concerns. Looking next at anticipated scientific developments in brain organoid research, we will discuss (i) ethical issues related to in vitro brain organoids, (ii) ethical issues raised when brain organoids form complexes or have relationships with other entities, and (iii) ethical issues of research ethics and governance. Finally, in pursuit of (2), we propose research policies that are mindful of the ethics of brain organoid research and application and also suggest the need for an international framework for research and application of brain organoids.In this work, using molasses wastewater as a partial acidifying agent and bagasse pith as a pore-enlarging agent, a new low-cost Fenton-like catalyst (ACRMbp) used for degradation of sulfamethoxazole was prepared through a simple process of acidification and calcination using red mud (RM) as the main material. The optimum preparation conditions of ACRMbp were acquired, and the optimum preparation conditions of ACRMbp were as follows mass ratio of bagasse pith to RM (mbpmRM) 0.0331, particle size of bagasse pith 0.10-0.20 mm, calcination temperature 773 K, and calcination time 2 h. The ACRMbp catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, and BET. According to the results of characterizations, it was found that the iron phase of ACRMbp had completely transformed into α-Fe2O3 after the process of acidification and calcination, and the addition of bagasse pith significantly improved the surface area of the prepared ACRMbp. Furthermore, under the reaction conditions of catalyst dosage of 2 g/L, initial pH 3 and reaction time 90 min, the ACRMbp has showed the highest catalytic activity. ACRMbp had significantly higher activity than red mud, and exhibited a remarkable settleability. Besides, ACRMbp retained good recyclability and stability during use. Kinetic studies showed the degradation process could be described with the first-order model. Overall, the prepared ACRMbp was an effective and excellent catalyst in the Fenton-like process.Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research, treatment, and prevention focus increasingly on developing personalized interventions based on personal genetic, biological, phenotypic data, for early intervention (EI) to limit harm. This approach has much to recommend it, but important ethical and philosophical challenges follow that should be considered, which we analyze here. We argue that advancing understanding of the causes of AD undermines the clarity of the distinction between primary and secondary prevention. This makes it increasingly unclear how primary and secondary categories can be appealed to as the basis for making judgements about what interventions are permissible, and for distinguishing between acceptably vs unacceptably early points in life to intervene. Timely efforts at prevention are vital for limiting harm from AD and given the logic of EI is that, in presence of risk, earlier is better, one might assume that earliest is best. This may or may not be the case; however, the permissibility of intervening in different ways at different stages of life is complex and turns on numerous contextual factors. We consider the particular ethical implications of intervening at different points in the life course, presenting a valuable resource for negotiating clinical and policy implications of EI in AD.Exponential growth of the world’s population combined with increased travel has dramatically increased the spread of infectious diseases. Although there has been AP20187 manufacturer on migration, the major contributors to the transmission of communicable diseases are travel and tourism not migration. Given that children represent up to 10% of international travellers, it is critical to the health of all age groups to ensure that tailored guidance for children is considered in public health policy and guidelines, and pandemic responses. To further support pandemic preparedness, public health systems need to strengthen ties with communities and health systems. In addition, travel and migration issues need to be included as core competencies in medical education. Ensuring that clinicians who care for children have knowledge of travel and migration health will foster a better health outcome in an increasingly mobile population at risk of emerging infectious diseases.Abbreviations CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; DGMQ CDC Division of Global Migration and Quarantine; EID emerging infectious diseases; EU European Union; VFR visiting friends and relatives; IOM United Nations International Organization for Migration; LPR lawful permanent resident; US United States of America; WHO World Health Organization.